Breast Cancer Staging | Dr Sunny Garg - Medical Oncologist
In this video, Dr Sunny Garg explains the TNM Staging of breast cancer. Staging is very important to decide the appropriate treatment plan for the patient. The staging of breast cancer is called TNM staging. It is called as T1 when the tumor size is less than or equal to 2 cm.T2 when the tumor is 2 cm to 5 cm. And T3 when the tumor is more than 5 cm. T4a disease is when the tumor infiltrates the chest wall, not including only pectoralis muscle adhesion or invasion. T4b disease is involvement of skin by the tumor. It can present as skin ulceration or as satellite tumor nodules. Or as edema of skin looking like an orange peel known as peau de orange. All the skin changes should occupy less than one-third of the surface area of breast to be called as T4b. Infiltration of tumor into both, chest wall and skin, i.e., T4a and T4b both, is called T4c. And when the breast cancer progresses very rapidly to cause diffuse erythema and edema of skin breast, involving more than one-third of the skin, then it is called as inflammatory breast cancer. For clinical N-staging, we have to palpate level 1 and 2 lymph nodes in axilla. If they are not palpable, it is NO. If palpable, and freely mobile, it is N1.If level 1 or level 2 lymph nodes are palpable, but they are fixed or matted, it is called as N2a. If only internal mammary lymph nodes are seen in CT scan without any level 1 or level 2 nodes, the it is called as N2b. If infraclavicular lymph nodes are involved, it is called as N3a. If internal mammary ans axillary lymph nodes both are involved that is N2a and N2b, then it is N3b. Involvement of supraclavicular lymph nodes are called as N3c. If the disease has spread to the distance organ it is called as M1 otherwise it is MO. Localized disease includes cases up to T2 N1 M0 and T3 N0 M0. Starting from T3 N1 M0 and onwards all N2 and N3 and T4 cases are included under locally advanced disease. Metastasis to other sites, as we have discussed previously is called M1 disease. #breastcancer #cancertreatment #cancerawareness #breastcancerawareness _________________________________________________________ Thanks for Watching. Subscribe the channel "Dr. Sunny Garg-Medical Oncologist". Visit the website www.oncoexperts.in
In this video, Dr Sunny Garg explains the TNM Staging of breast cancer. Staging is very important to decide the appropriate treatment plan for the patient. The staging of breast cancer is called TNM staging. It is called as T1 when the tumor size is less than or equal to 2 cm.T2 when the tumor is 2 cm to 5 cm. And T3 when the tumor is more than 5 cm. T4a disease is when the tumor infiltrates the chest wall, not including only pectoralis muscle adhesion or invasion. T4b disease is involvement of skin by the tumor. It can present as skin ulceration or as satellite tumor nodules. Or as edema of skin looking like an orange peel known as peau de orange. All the skin changes should occupy less than one-third of the surface area of breast to be called as T4b. Infiltration of tumor into both, chest wall and skin, i.e., T4a and T4b both, is called T4c. And when the breast cancer progresses very rapidly to cause diffuse erythema and edema of skin breast, involving more than one-third of the skin, then it is called as inflammatory breast cancer. For clinical N-staging, we have to palpate level 1 and 2 lymph nodes in axilla. If they are not palpable, it is NO. If palpable, and freely mobile, it is N1.If level 1 or level 2 lymph nodes are palpable, but they are fixed or matted, it is called as N2a. If only internal mammary lymph nodes are seen in CT scan without any level 1 or level 2 nodes, the it is called as N2b. If infraclavicular lymph nodes are involved, it is called as N3a. If internal mammary ans axillary lymph nodes both are involved that is N2a and N2b, then it is N3b. Involvement of supraclavicular lymph nodes are called as N3c. If the disease has spread to the distance organ it is called as M1 otherwise it is MO. Localized disease includes cases up to T2 N1 M0 and T3 N0 M0. Starting from T3 N1 M0 and onwards all N2 and N3 and T4 cases are included under locally advanced disease. Metastasis to other sites, as we have discussed previously is called M1 disease. #breastcancer #cancertreatment #cancerawareness #breastcancerawareness _________________________________________________________ Thanks for Watching. Subscribe the channel "Dr. Sunny Garg-Medical Oncologist". Visit the website www.oncoexperts.in